Welcome to the Quiz Review for Lesson Five.

In Lesson Five, you were asked three questions. Take a few moments to compare your answers to those given here.

1. How would you describe the degenerative model of back pain?

Most back problems are from wear and tear on the parts of the spine over many years. This process is called degeneration. Over time, the normal process of aging can result in degenerative changes in all parts of the spine. These are natural changes that happen with the passing of time. Some people experience pain from these changes; others don't.

2. How can degenerative changes in the spine cause back pain and problems?

The outer part of the annulus can cause pain. The nucleus loses water content, leading to a decrease in disc height. As the vertebrae move closer together, the facet joints are compressed and can become arthritic. Changes in the ligaments, discs, and facet joints can cause the spinal segment to become loose and unstable. The nucleus may squeeze (herniate) through the weakened annulus. Pain can occur when the disc puts pressure on nearby spinal nerves and when the damaged nucleus emits pain-causing chemicals.

3. How do mechanical pain and neurogenic pain differ?

Mechanical back pain is caused by wear and tear in the parts of the lumbar spine. It typically gets worse after activity and is usually felt in the back, buttocks, hips, and thighs. It is less concerning than neurogenic pain because it doesn’t involve nerve pressure. Neurogenic pain comes from nerve injury. The irritated nerve causes symptoms in the areas where the nerve travels, rather than in the low back. The irritated nerve affects how the body functions. Muscles weaken. Reflexes slow. Sensations of pins, needles, and numbness may be felt where the nerve travels.